Which of the following factors is critical in the grievance procedure?

The critical factor in the grievance procedure involves the formalization of disputes and complaints. This is essential because a well-defined grievance procedure establishes clear guidelines and processes for employees to voice their concerns, ensuring that their complaints are taken seriously and addressed systematically. Formalization lends structure and transparency to the grievance process, which can help facilitate fair treatment and consistent outcomes.

When grievances are formalized, they can be documented properly, tracked, and analyzed over time, allowing for identification of recurring issues and potential systemic problems within the organization. This structured approach helps in building trust between employees and management, as it shows the organization's commitment to resolving conflicts and maintaining a positive work environment.

In contrast, factors like the speed of resolution or a narrow focus on performance issues may not address the underlying causes of disputes and can lead to dissatisfaction if employees feel their grievances are not being adequately recognized or understood. Regular employee surveys, while useful for gathering insights, do not inherently constitute a grievance procedure and might not provide a specific channel for formal complaint resolution. Therefore, the formalization of disputes and complaints serves as the cornerstone of an effective grievance procedure.